Morocco's New Law Transforms the Legal Landscape
The recent enactment of the law regulating the legal profession in Morocco marks a significant turning point for the country's judicial system. Officially published in the national gazette on August 20, 2026, this law has come into effect following its endorsement under Article 50 of the Moroccan Constitution, which mandates the issuance and publication of laws for them to be enforceable. This publication signals the conclusion of a prolonged debate surrounding the regulation of the legal profession, particularly affecting lawyers, colloquially referred to as those in the 'black robes.' This development serves as a pivotal milestone in modernizing the legal framework, enhancing the independence of the profession, and updating the mechanisms of practice to ensure improved efficiency in judicial performance and governance.
Among the most notable changes introduced by this legislation are the positive reforms regarding entry and professional qualification standards. The law stipulates the establishment of a specialized institute dedicated to the training of lawyers, where aspiring legal practitioners must excel in a competitive examination and complete a year of foundational theoretical training to obtain a competency certificate. The legislation sets the minimum age for taking the exam at 21 years and the maximum at 45 years, requiring candidates to possess a master's degree or a diploma in advanced legal studies or Islamic law. Additionally, the law specifies a two-year training period and mandates annual continuing education, allowing for specialization to obtain the title of 'specialized lawyer.'
This new legal framework also diversifies practice options and expands the scope of competencies available to lawyers. These include individual practice, partnerships, joint law offices, cohabitation, and professional civil companies, alongside international collaboration under specified regulations. Importantly, the legislation restricts legal offices to a single location within the national territory.
Furthermore, the responsibilities of lawyers have been broadened to encompass legal consultation, drafting corporate contracts, and engaging in arbitration and mediation. The law also stipulates that only registered lawyers in the relevant associations are permitted to represent clients in all courts throughout the country.
Moreover, the new law establishes governance and transparency measures within legal associations, particularly concerning the management of client deposits and lawyer fees. It necessitates oversight by the Court of Auditors to ensure financial transparency and requires a written agreement from clients to outline fees and protect the rights of both parties involved in legal services.
As reported by elaph.com.
